In paragraph 3, “implemented” most nearly means _________.

For vocabulary-in-context questions, always revisit the lines preceding and the lines following the vocabulary word in order to understand the context within which it is used. In this case, it is only necessary to read the sentence including the word. Here, the state or federal government has not implemented or established a standardized certification program. Implemented most nearly means “put into effect,” in this case. It can be helpful to replace the word in question with the answer choices to gauge their appropriateness or validity.